Hari 🕉 With references from (Ishavasya Upanishad) humbly trying to explain myself about Athma & how to realize self.
(Select The Correct Answer From The Multiple Choices):
Q.1. “Purnam adaya” means:
a) Sky is the limit b) Grasp the essence in all c) Filling of modakam
A.1. The answer, purnam adaya means – b) Grasp the essence in all. This is from the introductory verse of
ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णममदं पूर्णणत् पूर्णमुदच्यते । पूर्णस्य पूर्णमणदणय पूर्णमेवणवमिष्यते ॥ ॐ िणन्तत: िणन्तत: िणन्तत: ॥
Q.2. “Yaha” in mantra 6 denotes:
a) Grahastha b) Maya c)Parivrat
A.2. Yaha in mantra 6, यस्तु सवणणणर् भूतणनि आत्मतयेवणिुपश्यनत। सवणभूतेषु चणत्मणिं ततो ि ववजुगुप्सते ॥ denotes
c)Parivrat – the spiritual seeker
Q.3. “hey ekarshey” is addressed to whom: a) Surya b) Vasishta c) Moon
A.3. “Hey ekarshey” is addressed to a) Surya in the mantra 16 - पूषतिेकषे यम सूयण प्रणजणपत्य व्यूह रश्मीतसमूह
।तेजः यत्ते रूपं कल्यणर्तमं तत्ते पश्यणमम योऽसणवसौ पुरुषः सोऽहमन्स्म ॥ १६ ॥
Q.4. “Amrutham devathaswaupam” is achieved by:
a) Doing only dharma-karma b) Doing dharma-karma and Upasana c) Only Upasana
A.4. Amrutham devathaswaupam is achieved by b) Doing dharma-karma and Upasana. This is explained indirectly in verse 14 - सम्भूनतं च वविणिं च यः तत् उभयं सह वेद वविणिेि मृत्युम् तीत्वणण सम्भूत्यण अमृतम् अश्िुते ॥
Q.5. What is closed with a golden patram (door) to be opened by Surya bhagwan for a Satya-dharma follower:
a) Indra’s palace b) Maya Bazar c) Satyam (Brahmalokam to realize Brahman)
A.5. c) Satyam (Brahmalokam to realize Brahman): is closed with a golden patram (door) to be opened by Surya bhagwan for a Satya-dharma follower, explained in mantra 15- हहरण्मयेि पणत्रेर् सत्यस्यणवपहहतं मुखम् । तत्त्वं पूषतिपणवृर्ु सत्यधमणणय दृष्टये ॥ १५ ॥
(Explain briefly):
Q.6. Write the full shanthi Pataha mantra Om Purna mada Purnamidam…… and explain briefly its meaning
A.6. the full shanthi Pataha mantra - ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णममदं पूर्णणत् पूर्णमुदच्यते । पूर्णस्य पूर्णमणदणय पूर्णमेवणवमिष्यते ॥ ॐ िणन्तत: िणन्तत: िणन्तत: ॥
The concept in this opening mantra explains the nature of the Ultimate Reality (Brahman). Just like from the
rules of mathematics, we know that whatever we add or subtract to ‘infinite’ or ‘0’ the value remains the same, the Divine remains whole, complete, and infinite, regardless of anything added or subtracted.
Pūrṇam adah: That- the invisible, absolute Brahman is complete and infinite. Pūrṇam idam: This-the visible, manifest universe is also complete and infinite.
Pūrṇāt pūrṇam udacyate: From that infinite completeness, this infinite completeness is manifested.
Pūrṇasya pūrṇam ādāya: Even if you take the infinite from the infinite or remove the manifest world from the absolute
Pūrṇam evā-vaśiṣyate: Only the infinite remains.
Q.7. Explain”Iswasyam edam sarvam”
A.7. First mantra- ईिण वणस्यममदं सवं यन्त्कञ्च जगत्यणं जगत् । तेि त्यक्तेि भुञ्जीथण मण गृधः कस्य न्स्वद्धिम् ॥ १ ॥ of the Isha Upanishad explains the basic idea of Sanathana Dharma that everything in the universe is pervaded by the Divine, and retorts to humans to live contented life with an attitude of detachment and no greed.
And that living is an art to be lived with a balance of material & spiritual aspects & foundation on spiritual
basis.
All moving & un-moving things / concepts, including all life & lifeless forms of the entire universe is pervaded by ONLY ONE REALITY, addressed in anyway and in ITS governance. Seeing the divinity in everything removes the disparity between the ‘so called world’, people, material objects, everything etc. and the sacredness.
Tena tyaktena bhuñjīthā: promoting to live and enjoy life with an attitude of objectivity without any attachments, whatsoever. Hinting the world or entire creation as temporary or fleeting & not to be possessed forever.
Mā gṛdhaḥ kasya sviddhanam: removes root cause of jealousy & greed in that categorically advising human beings to not aspire for other’s wealth as everything belongs to THE ONE & ONLY ONE and none owned by us.
Q.8. what are the lakshanas of Atma?
A.8. to begin with the isavasya Upanishad confirms a non-dual nature of Atman & the Brahman. The lakshanas of atman are;
From mantra 4 - अिेजदेकं मिसो जवीयो िैिद्देवण आप्िुवतपूवणमषणत्। तद्धणवतोऽतयणित्येनत नतष्ठत् तन्स्मतिपो मणतररश्वण दधणनत ॥ Anejat (अिेजत)-Still, unmoving but stable as it has no limits to travel
Manaso Javiyo (मिसो जवीयो)-Sifter than mind, omnipresent as it is present wherever mind can reach
Enat Deva Apnuvan (एिद्देवण आप्िुवि्) -Subtle as even senses cannot grasp or overtake & so transcendental. Tishthat Anyan Atyeti (नतष्ठद्-अतयि्-अत्येनत)- immovable but nothing to beat in its pace.
Srotah (स्रोत:) / Matarisva (मणतररश्वण)-mere presence of the atman, the vital energy (Prana) sustains all activities of the universe.
From mantra 5 -तदेजनत ततिैजनत तद्दूरे तद्वन्ततके । तदततरस्य सवणस्य तदु सवणस्यणस्य बणह्यतः ॥ ५ ॥
Tad Antarasya Sarvasya (तद्-अततरस्य सवणस्य)- is the innermost core of everything that exists.
Tad U Sarvasyasya Bahyatah (तद्-उ सवणस्य बणह्यतः)- without any physical limitations the atman, encompasses, fills everything including the outside of everything.
From Mantra 8 - स पयणगणच्छुक्रमकणयमव्रर्मस्िणववरं िुद्धमपणपववद्धम् ॥ 8 ॥
Akayam (अकणयम्)- formless without any physical body
Avranam (अव्रर्म्)- it’s beyond any miseries of the world including physical or other blemishes & scars Asnaviram (अस्िणववरम्)- it is entirely immaterial.
Suddham (िुद्धम्)-it is inherently pure, perfect & sinless Kavi (कवव)- it is omniscient, of the past, present, and future
Manisi (मिीषी)-It is an independent ruler of the mind with absolute free will. Paribhuh (पररभूः)-It encompasses and transcends all dimensions.
Svayambhuh (स्वयम्भूः)-it is self-existent originating from its own nature and not created by anything else.
Q.9. Explain the main objective / purpose of mantra 8, 9, 10
A.9. The basic objective of mantras 8, 9, and 10 of the Ishavasya Upanishad is to explain to the human fraternity the nature of the Ultimate Reality (Brahman) recommending a meaningful lifestyle of balance . The mantras practically demonstrate to synchronize spirituality with righteous worldly action as living and avoid both limits of pure materialism or blind renunciation and thus enable a seeker to a non-return enlightenment. Specifically, mantra 8- स पयणगणच्छुक्रमकणयमव्रर्मस्िणववरं िुद्धमपणपववद्धम् । कववमणिीषी पररभूः
स्वयम्भूयणणथणतथ्यतोऽथणणि् दधणच्छणश्वतीभ्यः समणभ्यः ॥ ८ ॥ objective is to make understand the nature of the supreme reality or atman or brahman. And that it is flawless, omnipresent, and transcendent in nature exhibiting purity, formlessness and governing the whole universe. The knowledge / understanding this truth
shall enable a person live selflessly without fear.
Specifically, mantra 9- अतधं तमः प्रवविन्तत येऽववद्यणमुपणसते । ततो भूय इव ते तमो य उ ववद्यणयणं रतणः ॥ ९ ॥ Objective is to warn a seeker of the dangers impending against pursuing either pure Spirituality or pure Worldly action without the other.
Obsessively chasing only material wealth and worldly rituals (Avidya) we fall into a "blind darkness" (spiritual
ignorance). Conversely, those who abandon all duties and responsibilities to strictly meditate on theoretical spiritual knowledge (Vidya alone) fall into an even "greater darkness".
Specifically, mantra 10 - अतत्यदेवणहुववणद्ययणऽतयदणहुरववद्ययण। इनत िुश्रुम धीरणर्णं ये िस्तद्ववचचक्षिरे॥ १०॥
Objective is to explain the results of Vidya(Spiritual knowledge) & Avidya(Wordly duties) – each give different
results. The goal one should pursue is balance of both. While performing daily duties well, one should sincerely seek spiritual truth with constant perseverance.
Q.10. How for krama mukhti the “vyashti prana” achieves layam in “Samashti prana” (hiranyagarbhan) as per Mantra 17
A.10. "Krama Mukti"(क्रममुन्क्त) is a path to gradual liberation in stages at the time of death for Spiritual seekers, not realized God in their life time, as a backup plan. The mantra 17 guides
Through the following;
1. Beginning with saguna upasana, in the lifetime, the seeker’s prana) is consciously withdrawn and directed up through the sushumna nadi (the central subtle nerve channel) and exits through the crown of the head, when the mortal body (bhasmantam) turns to ashes,
2. The subtle body (linga sharira) and life force (vayu) of the seeker travels along the Devayana (the bright "Path of the Gods"), passing through various realms of light until it reaches to merge into eternal energy, the highest celestial plane, Brahmaloka
3. In Brahmaloka, the soul is free from worldly suffering. Guided by the creator deity (Hiranyagarbha), the soul gains the ultimate knowledge (Vidya) of Nirguna Brahman, attaining further transcendental knowledge and merges directly into the Supreme Brahman (God)
4. Moksha (liberation), when the entire universe undergoes cosmic dissolution (Pralaya), the soul attains the ultimate state of Moksha (liberation), the final emancipation and does not return to the cycle of birth and death.Thus by kram mukthi, the vyashti prana achieves layam in samashti prana.
The mantra 17 - वणयुरनिलममृतमथेदं भस्मणंतं िरीरम्। ॐ क्रतो स्मर कृतं स्मर क्रतो स्मर कृतं स्मर ॥ १७ ॥This mantra is a strong prayer (saguna upasana) prescribed for recitation by a seeker, at the time of death. . Praying through recitation of mantra 17 at death time prepares the Aatma(soul) to leave the physical body by knowing
/ understanding & accepting that the material body would turn into ashes and that the inner life force (or
Aatma) merges into the immortal, all-pervading cosmic CONSCIOUSNESS. And while accepting, the embodiment humbly appeals the Infinite Intelligence to remember the conduct, sacrifices, virtues expressed during the lifetime. It is a soothing reminder to ourselves that while our physical bodies are temporary, our spiritual actions are eternal.
Jai Hind-Bharat! Jai Sanathana Dharma! 👍🫡😊🤝👌🙏🕉
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